The Relationship Between Male Contraceptives and Penis Size and Sexual Pleasure

**II. Male Contraceptives**

1. Long-term, high-dose use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) leads to a decrease in the secretion of pituitary gonadotropins (follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone) through negative feedback regulation, thereby inhibiting spermatogenesis.

2. Antibodies against follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) can be used to block the effects of these hormones. However, since both hormones contain the same α subunit, which is identical to the α subunit of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), unnecessary side effects may occur if the antibody cannot specifically target the hormone.

3. Using autologous hormones, such as testosterone alone or in combination with progestin, inhibits spermatogenesis by suppressing the pituitary gland's secretion of gonadotropins through negative feedback. Regular injections of testosterone enanthate can achieve an anti-fertility effect, which is reversible upon discontinuation, making it a promising male contraceptive.

All of the above-mentioned drugs interfere with spermatogenesis by inhibiting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. These drugs are expensive, inconvenient to use, and simultaneously suppress the function of testicular interstitial cells, leading to decreased testosterone levels and resulting in reduced libido or sexual dysfunction. Therefore, further research is needed to address these issues.

4. Selective inhibitory drugs for seminiferous epithelium – Gossypol. Its antifertility effect was first discovered by Chinese scholars, who have conducted extensive research and clinical trials in China. It is a male oral contraceptive, inexpensive and easy to use, but it also has certain side effects.

**Section Four** **Several Topics Related to Sex**

**I.** Does penis size relate to sexual pleasure?

The size of a man's penis varies greatly depending on individual differences (such as height, weight, strength, and weakness). Some men have large and long penises when erect, while others have relatively small and short penises. However, this does not affect normal sexual intercourse between couples. In other words, the size of a man's penis does not prevent a woman from reaching orgasm.

We know that during the "plateau" phase of a woman's normal sexual response cycle, the outer third of the vagina experiences significant vasocongestion, a reaction medically termed the "orgasmic plateau." This results in a narrowing of the vaginal opening, creating a "gripping" effect around the penis. Even for a relatively small penis, this gripping effect is sufficient to hold it tightly. Furthermore, the vaginal mucosa has transverse folds and considerable extensibility. Combined with the lubricating effects of abundant secretions and exudates during sexual arousal, it can accommodate even a relatively large penis. Therefore, the size of the penis during intercourse is not particularly important to the physical stimulation felt by the woman.

At the same time as the orgasmic plateau forms, the upper two-thirds of the vagina expands, and the smooth muscles in this area relax. This reduces direct stimulation to the distal vagina and cervix during penile thrusting and also facilitates the storage of ejaculated semen. From a neurological perspective, the inner two-thirds of the vagina has almost no sensory nerve endings, while the outer one-third, the area where the orgasmic plateau forms, is richly endowed with them. This suggests that sexual arousal and orgasm are determined by the outer one-third of the vagina and the clitoris, and are unrelated to the length or size of the penis, as long as intercourse is successful.

**II. "Male Health Supplements"**

Men often find it difficult to talk about sexual dysfunction. Faced with the fierce competition in the sexual health product market-with products like "AiGe," "QiangGe," "MengGe," and "WeiGeWang"-they tend to trust advertisements, unlicensed doctors, or experts advertised through street flyers, leading to numerous health problems. Therefore, we remind men that if they experience sexual dysfunction, they must consult a urologist or andrologist at a reputable hospital.

About half of China's 300 million adult men suffer from varying degrees of sexual dysfunction. However, only 1-5 per 1000 men with erectile dysfunction (ED) receive proper medical treatment at hospitals. Viagra is currently the most effective drug for treating ED, yet it is rarely accepted in China for three main reasons: first, traditional beliefs prevent patients from openly seeking treatment from doctors; second, the prevalence of advertisements for sexual health products leads many to rely on their feelings; and third, current regulations stipulate that only doctors at the level of attending physician or above in andrology can prescribe this drug, far exceeding the available supply.

Many so-called health supplements labeled "take one hour before sexual activity" almost always contain the banned drug sildenafil, yet they fail to list the contraindications for sildenafil, which is very dangerous. This is because this drug cannot be taken with nitrate medications, otherwise it will be very dangerous.

**III. Drips of fluid are not necessarily a sign of semen leakage.**

Many young men find that a small amount of clear or slightly whitish, viscous fluid drips from their urethra when they experience sexual arousal. Some believe it's seminal leakage, while others suspect it's spermatorrhea, which can be very distressing and psychologically burdensome, seriously affecting their physical and mental health. In fact, this "dripping" phenomenon is not spermatorrhea and has no impact on health. When a man experiences sexual arousal, his penis becomes fully erect. Along with the corpora cavernosa, the corpora spongiosum enlarges due to increased blood flow, affecting the pair of bulbourethral glands next to the urethra. These glands secrete a small amount of fluid that flows down the urethra to the glans penis, lubricating it. Women experience the same phenomenon. Once sexual arousal occurs, the pair of vestibular glands next to the vaginal opening also suddenly increase their secretion of fluid, filling the area around the vaginal opening and providing lubrication.