Article 35: Drug Dosage Forms, Selection of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Colds, and Key Points for Using Eye Drops

Commonly used drug dosage forms

Any drug, in order to be used by humans, must be formulated to be suitable for medical or preventive purposes.

The form of application for prevention, namely, drug dosage form.

Commonly used dosage forms include pills,

Powders, ointments, pills, tablets, decoctions, capsules, injections, etc.

Pills: A common dosage form of traditional Chinese medicine, made by grinding and sifting Chinese herbs and adding honey.

Spherical honey pills are sometimes made into small water pills, such as Liuwei Dihuang Wan and Yinqiao Jie.

Poison pills, etc.

Powders: These are made by directly pulverizing, sieving, and packaging the medicine; some are concentrated decoctions.

It is made by shrinking, drying, and pulverizing, such as boron powder.

Powdered medicines also belong to the category of powdered medicines, such as those for colds.

Granules, Banlangen Granules.

Ointments: There are ointments and plasters.

Ointments are usually made with petroleum jelly and very fine powder.

Made from powder, such as mentholatum and erythromycin ointment.

Plaster, also known as plaster, is like dog skin.

paste.

There are also adhesive plasters, such as pain-relieving plasters.

Elixir: Generally refers to medicines refined using ancient alchemical methods, such as red...

Calomel, light powder, and white calomel are commonly used drugs in traditional Chinese medicine surgery.

Because of the refinement

The process used to generate toxic gases, but the refining method has been improved.

Tablets: A mixture of pharmaceutical powder and excipients, compressed using a tableting machine; non-sticky.

Sugar-coated tablets are plain; tablets with a sugar coating are sugar-coated tablets; tablets with a sausage casing are enteric-coated tablets.

For example, enteric-coated aspirin; tablets with added materials that delay disintegration are called sustained-release tablets, such as...

Nifedipine sustained-release tablets.

Capsules: Made by filling powdered medicine into empty capsules using a filling machine.

Then, aluminum composite panels are pressed in, such as Pioneer No. 6 and norfloxacin capsules.

Suppositories: These are made by mixing drugs with a base and can be inserted into different cavities of the human body.

A solid dosage form of Dao.

Commonly used suppositories include anal suppositories and vaginal suppositories, used for treatment.

Hemorrhoids, vaginitis, trichomoniasis, etc.

Decoction: This is the most common dosage form of traditional Chinese medicine, made by decocting medicinal herbs and then taking the decoction.

The liquid is used for acute illnesses due to its rapid efficacy.

Compound preparation: Concentrate a decoction or extract of medicine, and add appropriate preservatives.

Preparations, such as compound licorice mixture.

Many oral liquids are now classified as compound preparations.

Tinctures: refer to preparations made by extracting or dissolving drugs in ethanol of varying concentrations.

Solvents, such as compound camphor tincture, iodine tincture, etc.

Injectables: commonly known as injections, are liquids injected directly into the subcutaneous tissue, muscles, or veins.

The agent is usually sealed in ampoules or glass bottles with plastic caps.

Unstable medicines often use powder

Injectable preparations are made into liquid form and used immediately, such as penicillin injections.

Infusion solutions: Large-volume injectable solutions used for intravenous infusion, usually in bottles.

The dosage is usually 250 ml to 500 ml, such as glucose, physiological saline, and compound amino acids.

Acid injection solutions, etc.

Aerosol: Consists of liquid medicine, pressure-resistant container, valve, and propellant (compressed air)

Composed of (or liquefied gas), it can be used as a spray to treat asthma, reduce inflammation and relieve pain, and provide local relief.

Local anesthesia, mosquito and fly control, such as asthma aerosol, fast-acting spray, and gunner insecticide.

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How to choose traditional Chinese medicine for treating colds

The common cold is one of the most common illnesses.

It is an upper respiratory tract infection caused by a virus.

Respiratory tract infections.

Traditional Chinese medicine believes that when the human body is exposed to pathogenic factors such as wind, cold, and heat,

It is easy to catch a cold, also known as an external infection.

Clinically, the common cold is often divided into three types, and treatment...

They are all different.

Wind-cold type: Characterized by aversion to wind, chills, nasal congestion and runny nose, cough, and thin phlegm.

White skin, body aches and pains, thin white tongue coating, and a floating and tight pulse.

Treatment should focus on relieving exterior symptoms with pungent and warm herbs; a purgative should be taken.

Xuanli Fei Wan, Fangfeng Tongsheng Wan, etc.

Wind-heat type: Common symptoms include fever, headache, sore throat, thirst, dark urine, and slightly yellow tongue coating.

Symptoms include a floating and rapid pulse.

For this type of cold, you can take pungent and cooling diaphoretics, such as Yinqiao Jiedu (Honeysuckle and Forsythia Detoxifying Formula).

Pills, Lingqiao Detoxification Pills, Lingyang Cold Tablets, Cold and Fever Relief Granules, Banlangen Granules

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Gastrointestinal type: Symptoms may include fever, headache, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and a white, greasy tongue coating.

The pulse is slippery or floating and slow.

This type of cold should be treated by relieving exterior symptoms and resolving dampness; Huoxiang Zhengqi Water or gelatin can be used.

Bags, etc.

The traditional Chinese medicine Chai Lian oral liquid is composed of Bupleurum, Forsythia, Patchouli, Ephedra, and...

It is composed of cinnamon, platycodon, and other ingredients, and is mostly made from volatile oils, which are pungent and warm in nature.

When used together with pungent and cooling properties, and aromatic properties, it has the effects of relieving exterior syndromes, clearing the lungs, resolving dampness and clearing heat, and is effective for conditions such as...

All three types of colds have good treatment effects.

How to use eye drops

Eye diseases are quite common in daily life, so eye drops are frequently used.

Treatment methods.

However, not everyone knows how to use eye drops correctly.

Let's talk about how to properly apply eye drops.

Wash your hands with soap before applying eye drops to prevent infection.

When applying eye drops, left

Gently press your lower eyelid with your index finger, look upwards, and use your right hand to drop the eye drops into the parted lower eyelid.

Inside the lower fornix, then pinch the skin of the lower eyelid outwards with your left thumb and forefinger.

Pinch it, then gently close your eyes for a minute or two.

When applying eye drops, avoid touching the bottle.

Keep eyelashes and skin away from the eye drops to avoid contaminating them.

When several types of eye drops are needed for an eye condition, it is best to wait 5 days between each type of medication.

It takes about 10 minutes for the medicine to work effectively.

Suspension-type eye drops,

Shake well before use to ensure the medicine is effective.

Eyes

When there is discharge, clean it thoroughly before applying eye drops.

Eye drops can be used for 2-3 months at room temperature, although some eye drops may easily lose their effectiveness.

For medications like catapheniramine and rifampin, the tablets should be dissolved in the solution as indicated on the bottle before use.

It will become ineffective after about two weeks of use.

Some eye drops are prone to changing color, therefore...

After removing the eye drops from the refrigerator, it is best to store them in a refrigerator at 4°C to prolong their effects.

The expiration date of the liquid.

Middle-aged and elderly people who have undergone glaucoma or cataract surgery or suffer from uveitis and other diseases

For this illness, mydriatic medication is needed, and it must be used under the guidance of a doctor.

Eye drops

When applying eye drops, be extremely careful not to put the drops from your left eye into your right eye, because...

In cases of angle-closure glaucoma, administering the wrong medication can trigger a glaucoma attack.

Prostatitis

For elderly patients with hyperplasia, it is essential to press firmly on the lacrimal sac when administering mydriatic medications such as atropine.

Otherwise, some people may experience difficulty urinating.

Elderly glaucoma patients commonly use miotics such as pilocarpine and physostigmine.

However, long-term use can cause ciliary muscle spasm.

ciliary spasm myopia,

Elderly patients with cataracts often experience decreased vision after using miotics, which can be a side effect.

It is clear that other intraocular pressure-lowering medications should be used.

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