Understanding ejaculation: process, time, and frequency
**1.2/1 How to understand ejaculation?**
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**1.2.1 Ejaculation:**
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During sexual arousal, as the penis becomes erect and sexual stimulation intensifies, sperm from the accessory glands are propelled into the prostatic urethra, or posterior urethra, by the peristalsis of the vas deferens (including the epididymis, vas deferens, and ejaculatory ducts). This process is called ejaculation.
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> **1.2.2 Ejaculation:**
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After ejaculation, orgasm occurs, and the muscles around the perineum and urethra contract strongly, causing the semen clump located in the prostatic urethra to be expelled through the urethral opening; this is called ejaculation.
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The range of ejaculation is approximately 30 to 60 centimeters.
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Two issues need to be addressed here:
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Why isn't urine expelled at the same time as ejaculation?
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This is because the human urethra has two sphincter muscles: an internal sphincter at the bladder neck and an external sphincter in the membranous urethra. During ejaculation, the internal sphincter at the bladder neck is in a state of tension and contraction, while the external sphincter is relaxed. Therefore, urine in the bladder will not be expelled, while semen in the prostatic urethra, located between the internal and external sphincter muscles, can be ejaculated smoothly. This also answers another question: why semen does not appear in urine. The reason is due to the contraction of the internal sphincter at the bladder neck.
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In patients who undergo prostatectomy due to benign prostatic hyperplasia, the internal sphincter mechanism is disrupted, causing semen to flow backward into the bladder during ejaculation instead of ejaculating.
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A healthy male can ejaculate 1 to 12 ml of semen each time. The amount is related to the frequency of sexual intercourse. The more frequent the sexual intercourse, the less semen is ejaculated each time and the lighter the color. Semen from abstaining from sex for a long time is yellow.
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Each milliliter of semen contains approximately 200 million to 400 million sperm. If there are fewer than 200 million sperm, it is less likely for the egg to be fertilized.
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**1.2.3 Issues regarding the timing and frequency of intercourse**
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The duration of intercourse generally refers to the time from penile penetration to ejaculation, also known as the ejaculation latency period, which is approximately equal to the duration of intercourse. Newman et al. investigated the intercourse time of 2814 normal men and found that most people (about 75.5%) had intercourse time of 3 to 15 minutes, while about 7.33% had intercourse time of more than 30 minutes.
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Durex, a world-renowned condom company, released a global survey report. The survey of 350,000 people worldwide found that the French have an average of 137 sexual encounters per year, making them the most sexually active nation in the world. Globally, the average is only 103 sexual encounters per year. Greece and Hungary follow with 133 and 131 times respectively, while Japan ranks last with an average of 41 times per year.
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The Relationship Between Age and Sexual Activity
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Age (years) Percentage of sexually active (%) Monthly frequency of sexual activity (intercourse and masturbation)
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> <16 95 11
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> 16～20 99.3 11
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> 21～25 99.6 11
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> 26～30 99.5 12
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> 31～35 99.7 11
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> 36～40 99.5 11
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> 41～45 99.1 8
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> 46～50 97.5 7
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> 51～55 96 6
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> 56～60 95.3 5
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> 61～65 81 3
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> 66～70 73.3 2
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This table shows that the frequency of monthly sexual activity decreases significantly after age 50.
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70% of elderly people (65-70 years old) still have sexual activity.
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**1.2.4 Who controls ejaculation?**
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Ejaculation is controlled and regulated by the ejaculation center in the brain. It is a physiological reflex in which the autonomic nerves that control the penis play a regulatory role. The control of the ejaculation reflex by humans is multifaceted and complex, and is not yet fully understood.
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